Funding by the HFG enabled vital fieldwork in six African countries (Angola, Congo, Eritrea, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda), which helped detail the day-by-day, week-by-week chronicle of Africa’s Great War, a…

…the Law at War” examines the legality of violence and the weaponization of international law. With a focus on the U.S. and Israel and wars in Iraq and Palestine as…

…War, a paradigmatic case of a conventional civil war. Using this civil war constitutes a dispute to the neglect of historical cases in the study of civil war violence, which…

This project examines the history of Australian attempts to prosecute alleged Nazi collaborationist war criminals who had found refuge in that country in the aftermath of the Second World War….

This project addresses the emergence and consolidation of the international law of war. The intellectual lineage for the law of war dates back at least to Hugo Grotius (1583–1645). But…

…War II. This mobilization had resulted in the militarization of Taiwanese society through the recruitment of soldiers, the creation of youth organizations, and the dissemination of basic military education. Wartime…

…summary execution of Red Army political commissars and the shooting of Red Army prisoners of war by the division. Additionally, the division’s treatment of prisoners of war, both in times…

…much the experience of the Great War (an experience also shared by the Western Allies, which managed the transition from war to peace with considerably less bloodshed) as George Mosse…

The goal of this HGF grant was to provide a richer picture of the violence against civilians in the Spanish Civil War (1936–39). More specifically, it proposed examining the violence…